AIWMI CCRA-L2 問題集

質問 1：
Satish Dhawan, a veteran fixed income trader is conducting interviews for the post of a junior fixed income trader. He interviewed four candidates Adam, Balkrishnan, Catherine and Deepak and following are the answers to his questions.
Question 1: Tell something about Option Adjusted Spread
Adam: OAS is applicable only to bond which do not have any options attached to it. It is for the plain bonds.
Balkishna: In bonds with embedded options, AS reflects not only the credit risk but also reflects prepayment risk over and above the benchmark.
Catherine: Sincespreads are calculated to know the level of credit risk in the bound, OAS is difference between in the Z spread and price of a call option for a callable bond.
Deepark: For callable bond OAS will be lower than Z Spread.
Question 2: This is a spread that must be added to the benchmark zero rate curve in a parallel shift so that the sum of the risky bond's discounted cash flows equals its current market price. Which Spread I am talking about?
Adam: Z Spread
Balkrishna: Nominal Spread
Catherine: Option Adjusted Spread
Deepark: Asset Swap Spread
Question 3: What do you know about Interpolated spread and yield spread?
Adam: Yield spread is the difference between the YTM of a risky bond and the YTM of an on-the-run treasury benchmark bond whose maturity is closest, but not identical to that of risky bond. Interpolated spread is the spread between the YTM of risky bond and the YTM of same maturity treasury benchmark, which is interpolated from the two nearest on-the-run treasury securities.
Balkrishna: Interpolated spread is preferred to yield spread because the latter has the maturity mismatch, which leads to error if the yield curve is not flat and the benchmark security changes over time, leading to inconsistency.
Catherine: Interpolated spread takes account the shape of the benchmark yield curve and therefore better than yield spread.
Deepak: Both Interpolated Spread and Yield Spread rely on YTM which suffers from drawbacks and inconsistencies such as the assumption of flat yield curve and reinvestment at YTM itself.
Then Satish gave following information related to the benchmark YTMs:

Who amongst the four candidates is correct regarding OAS?
A. Only Deepak
B. Only Deepak and Catherine
C. Only Adam and Catherine
D. Only Catherine
正解：C

質問 2：
During FY13, Small Bazar, a leading retail company has sold three of its prime properties for a sum of USD
24 Million. The same had a carrying value of USD 30 Million.
Analyst had considered the same as operating income and considered it to be part of operating expenses.
However, she realized her mistake and recorded the loss as non-operating loss. Which of the following ratio will not change despite the correction?
A) EBITDA Margins
B) Interest Coverage
C) PAT Margins
D) Gross Profit Margin
A. B, C
B. A, B & C
C. All Ratios will change
D. B, C & D
正解：B

質問 3：
Ms. Mary Brown is a credit rating analyst. She had prepared a detailed report on one of her client, FlyHigh Airlines Ltd, a company operating chartered aircrafts in India. As she was heading for a meeting with her superior on the matter, coffee spilled over her set of prepared paper(s). As she was getting late for meeting, instead of preparing entire set she could recollect few numbers from her memory and reconstructed following partial financial table:

Compute Interest for FY10 and FY12?
A. Insufficient Information to compute
B. FY10: INR161.71 Million; FY12: INR252.27 Million
C. FY10: INR17.47 Million; FY12:INR782.03 Million
D. FY10: INR50.53 Million; FY12:INR81.38 Million
正解：B

質問 4：
The following information pertains to bonds:

Further following information is available about a particular bond 'Bond F' There is a 10.25% risky bond with a maturity of 2.25% year(s) its current price is INR105.31, which corresponds to YTM of 9.22%. The following are the benchmark YTMs.

Following are the relevance of Industry Analysis:
Statement 1: Evaluating Industry risk is the first and foremost step for top down approach of analysis.
Statement 2: Industry Analysis is relevant for analyzing the industry life cycle, which is highly important from the perspective of an investor or lender.
State which is/are correct?
A. Only Statement 1 is correct
B. Only Statement 2 is correct
C. Both are correct
D. Both are incorrect
正解：C

質問 5：
Mark Construction Company (MCC) has bagged a contract for construction of a large dam and hydro power project on river Shiva in Madhya Pradesh (MP). The project is also of relevance from the irrigation perspective due to its location and as per the agreement MCC will have to undertake construction of web of canals, approach road to dam, power house and other ancillary units. MCC is promoted by Mr. Thomas Mark, who is a MP from the ruling party which recently formed government in MP. Historically, MCC has been engaged into construction of rural roads, small bridges and railway platforms on contract basis for the Government. MCC will have a separate special purpose vehicle (SPV) floated for this venture.
The hydro power project comes under the public private partnership scheme of the Government of MP, where in the private partner builds owns operates and transfers (BOOT) the hydro power plant. The detailed terms of the hydro power project agreement are as follows:1. The construction of the dam, canals and hydro power plant shall be undertaken by the contractor. The Government of MP will have to acquire land which will submerge on construction of dam and shall rehabilitate the owners of land.
2. MCC shall have right to operate the hydro power project from date of commencement of commercial operations (DCCO) for a period of 20 years and shall transfer the project to Government thereafter. Further, SPV shall be tax exempt for a period of five years from DCCO i.e. FY17-FY21.
3. The power project is of 600 megawatts (MW) shall comprise 4 units of 150 MW each. The estimated cost of project is about INR3, 500 Million to be spent over a period of 4 year(s) the project is estimated to be commercially operational by April 1, 2016 with two units operational om same day and one unit each will be operational on April 1, 2017 and April 1, 2018.
4. Means of finance:

Means of Finance INR Million
Government Aid (To be classified as Equity) 500Equity 900 Debt 2100
5. Amount if expenditure estimated in various years is as follows:

Debt shall bear a fixed rate of interest of 10% and all interest till DCCO shall be added to the principal. The expected principal along with capitalized interest is expected to be INR2, 400 Million (i.e.INR2100 Million debt plus INR300 Million capitalized interest). The repayment of the same shall be in 12 equated annual installments starting from FY17.
Brief projections for the period of FY17 to FY21 are given below:

Developments as on March 31, 2015
The project manager for the SPV made following comments at a press conferee on March 31, 2015:
As you all are aware, we were running bang on schedule till we last met on December 21, 2014. From today we are just left with one more year to complete the project in time. However, the flash floods which struck our dam site on this March 15, 2015 have created havoc in the region. I shall not point out the loss of lives in the region as you all are well aware of those. Our project has also been badly hit due to the same and we have been assessing the damage over the last one week. After analyzing damage, we have made changes in project schedule. Now we will be making only one unit of 150 MW operational on April 1, 2016 and 1 unit each will be added in each of subsequent year(s).
Development as on September 30, 2015
Post the flash floods, lot of environmentalists started raising issues of changes in environment due to construction of large number of dams. A few Public Interest Litigations (PILs) have been filed in various courts.
Honorable High Court of MP on September 27, 2015, banned construction of any dams in the region and banned permissions for new dams till next hearing scheduled on November 30, 2015. MCC in its press release has indicated that they will apply to the higher court on the matter.
Based on the initial projections, do scenario analysis assuming only 75% capacity is utilized in FY17 and FY18 and thereby revenues will be proportionally reduced.
Compute DSCR under such scenario for FY17 and FY18, assuming other things remain constant?
A. FY17: 0.85; FY18: 1.26
B. FY17: 0.74; FY18: 1.09
C. FY17:1.35; FY18: 2.09
D. FY17:0.98; FY18: 1.46
正解：A

質問 6：
Scott is a credit analyst with one of the credit rating agencies in India. He was looking in Oil and Gas Industry companies and has presented brief financials for following 4 entities:

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. C Ltd has worst total debt to EBITDA ratio.
B. B Ltd has higher EBITDA margins as compared to C Ltd.
C. D Ltd has higher EBITDA margins as competed to B Ltd.
D. B Ltd has worst interest coverage ratio.
正解：B

質問 7：
Risk in CDS price is reflective of
A. increase in interest rates
B. increase in recovery rates
C. increase in probability of default
D. decrease in probability of default
正解：C