Admission Test GRE-Verbal 問題集

質問 1：
The author's overall concern is with describing the process researchers are following to identify the genes
responsible for preventing cell death and with the direction (and goals) of current research based on their
findings. Of the five choices, choice B. best expresses the gist of the discussion. enterprise was prepared
for privatization and which form was most suitable for it. Slow privatization, some claim, is the only way to
establish true private ownership, because only those who must pay for enterprise-ownership rights will be
engaged in its management. But this method would only prolong the core problems of inefficiency and
misallocation of labor and capital, and hence either of two approaches to rapid privatization is preferable.
Under one such approach, shares of an enterprise would be distributed among its employees, who would
become its owners. This socialist reform method is deeply flawed; it discriminates in favor of workers who
happen to be employed by modern, efficient enterprises, and it jeopardizes workers' property by requiring
them to invest in the same enterprise in which they are employed, rather than diversifying their
investments. The better approach involves distribution of enterprise shares, free of charge, among all the
people by means of vouchers-a kind of investment money. Some critics charge that voucher holders
would not be interested in how their enterprises are managed-as may be true of small corporate
shareholders in capitalist countries who pay little attention to their investments until the corporation's
profits wane, at which time they rush to sell their securities. But while the resulting fall in stock prices can
be perilous for the corporation, this very pressure is what drives private firms toward efficiency and
profitability. Other detractors predict that most people will sell their vouchers to foreign capitalists.
However, these skeptics ignore the capacity of individuals to compare the future flow of income secured
by a voucher to the benefits of immediate consumption. Moreover, even if an individual should decide to
sell, the aim of voucher privatization is to secure equality not of property but of opportunity.
Which of the following would the author probably agree is the LEAST desirable outcome of economic
reform in formerly Communist countries?
A. Equal opportunity for financial success among citizens
B. Effective allocation of labor
C. Equitable distribution of property among citizens
D. Financial security of citizens
E. Financial security of private enterprises
正解：E
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質問 2：
Conflict had existed between Spain and England since the 1570s. England wanted a share of the wealth
that Spain had been taking from the lands it had claimed in the Americas.
Elizabeth I, Queen of England, encouraged her staunch admiral of the navy, Sir Francis Drake, to raid
Spanish ships and towns. Though these raids were on a small scale, Drake achieved dramatic success,
adding gold and silver to England's treasury and diminishing Spain's omnipotence. Religious differences
also caused conflict between the two countries. Whereas Spain was Roman Catholic, most of England
had become Protestant.
King Philip II of Spain wanted to claim the throne and make England a Catholic country again. To satisfy
his ambition and also to retaliate against England's theft of his gold and silver, King Philip began to build
his fleet of warships, the Armada, in January 1586.
Philip intended his fleet to be indestructible. In addition to building new warships, he marshaled one
hundred and thirty sailing vessels of all types and recruited more than nineteen thousand robust soldiers
and eight thousand sailors. Although some of his ships lacked guns and others lacked ammunition, Philip
was convinced that his Armada could withstand any battle with England. The martial Armada set sail from
Lisbon, Portugal, on May 9,1588, but bad weather forced it back to port. The voyage resumed on July 22
after the weather became more stable. The Spanish fleet met the smaller, faster, and more maneuverable
English ships in battle off the coast of Plymouth, England, first on July 31 and again on August 2. The two
battles left Spain vulnerable, having lost several ships and with its ammunition depleted. On August 7,
while the Armada lay at anchor on the
French side of the Strait of Dover, England sent eight burning ships into the midst of the
Spanish fleet to set it on fire. Blocked on one side, the Spanish ships could only drift away, their crews in
panic and disorder. Before the Armada could regroup, the English attacked again on August 8. Although
the Spaniards made a valiant effort to fight back, the fleet suffered extensive damage. During the eight
hours of battle, the Armada drifted perilously close to the rocky coastline. At the moment when it seemed
that the Spanish ships would be driven onto the English shore, the wind shifted, and the Armada drifted
out into the North Sea. The Spaniards recognized the superiority of the English fleet and returned home,
defeated Philip recruited many ___soldiers and sailors.
A. strong
B. non experienced
C. timid
D. warlike
E. accomplished
正解：A

質問 3：
When you want to hang the American flag over the middle of a street, suspend it vertically with the blue
field, called the union, to the north and east-west street. When the flag is displayed with another banner
from crossed staffs, the American flag is on the right. Place the staff of the American flag in front of the
other staff. Raise the flag quickly and lower it slowly and respectfully. When flying the flag at half-mast,
hoist it to the top of the pole for a moment before lowering it to mid-pole. When flying the American flag
with banners from states or cities, raise the nation's banner first and lower it last. Never allow the flag to
touch the ground.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The American flag has fifty stars.
B. American flag should be flown differently in certain situations. ","The flag should be lowered quickly
and respectfully.
C. Placing the American flag inappropriately will draw government intervention.
D. The American flag is the symbol of American freedom.
正解：B

質問 4：
The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America.
They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is
that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises left on earth. Weighing hundreds of pounds,
these tortoises, or land turtles, wander slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of
these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the
eight islands, each kind being slightly different from the other. Hundreds of years ago, thousands of
tortoises wandered around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there.
When people first arrived in 1535, their ships had no refrigerators. This meant that fresh food was always
a problem for the sailors on board.
The giant tortoises provided a solution to this problem. Ships would anchor off the islands, and crews
would row ashore and seize as many tortoises as they could. Once the animals were aboard the ship, the
sailors would roll the tortoises onto their backs. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their
backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried
off in this way. The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived bringing
pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises.
Donkey and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs. Dogs and cats
consumed thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise
eggs-or even any baby tortoises. By the early 1900s, people began to worry that the last of the tortoises
would soon die out. No one, however, seemed to care enough to do anything about the problem. More
and more tortoises disappeared, even though sailors no longer needed them for food. For another fifty
years, this situation continued. Finally, in the 1950s, scientist decided that something must be done. The
first part of their plan was to get rid of as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could.
Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born. To do this, they started looking for
wild tortoise eggs. They gathered the eggs and put them in safe containers. When the eggs hatched, the
scientists raised the tortoises in special pens. Both the eggs and tortoises were numbered so that the
scientists knew exactly which kinds of tortoises they had-and which island they came from. Once the
tortoises were old enough and big enough to take care of themselves, the scientists took them back to
their islands and set them loose. This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of
tortoises is now increasing every year.
What happened last?
A. The number of tortoises began to decrease.
B. The tortoises began to disappear.
C. Tortoises were taken back to their home islands.
D. Scientists took away other animals.
E. The number of tortoises began to grow.
正解：E

質問 5：
In the 1970s, the idea of building so called "New Towns" to absorb growth was considered a potential
cure-all for urban problems in the United States. It was assumed that by diverting residents from existing
centers, current urban problems would at least get no worse. It was also assumed that, since European
New Towns had been financially and socially successful, the same could be expected in the United States.
In the end, these ill-considered projects actually weakened
U.S. cities further by drawing away high-income citizens. While industry and commerce sought in turn to
escape, the lower-income groups left behind were unable to provide the necessary tax base to support
the cities. Not surprisingly, development occurred in areas where land was cheap and construction
profitable rather than where New Towns were genuinely needed. Moreover, the failure on the part of
planners and federal legislators to consider social needs resulted not in the sort of successful New Towns
seen in Britain but in nothing more than sprawling suburbs.
Which of the following phenomena is most closely analogous to the New Towns established in the United
States?
A. A new computer program that attempts to solve one software problem but that creates another
B. A business that fails as a result of insufficient demand for its products or services
C. A scientific theory that lacks supporting empirical evidence
D. A new game that fails to attain widespread popularity because its rules are unfair
E. A new drug that is never approved for legal sale because of its severe side effects
正解：A
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質問 6：
The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the far northern country of Iceland, is as bright and clean and up-to-date
as any American or Canadian suburb. It is located on the island of Heimaey, just off the mainland. One
January night in 1973, however, householders were shocked from their sleep. In some backyards red-hot
liquid was spurting from the ground.
Flaming "skyrockets" shot up and over the houses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silent for seven
thousand years, was violently erupting! Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port, and within twenty-four
hours almost everyone was ferried to the mainland. But then the agony of the island began in earnest. As
in a nightmare, fountains of burning lava spurted three hundred feet high. Black, baseball-size cinders
rained down. An evilsmelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud of smoke and gas erupted into the air,
and a river of lava flowed down the mountain. The constant shriek of escaping steam was punctuated by
ear-splitting explosions. As time went on, the once pleasant village of Vestmannaeyjar took on a weird
aspect. Its street lamps still burning against the long Arctic night, the town lay under a thick blanket of
cinders. All that could be seen above the ten-foot black drifts were the tips of street signs. Some houses
had collapsed under the weight of cinders; others had burst into flames as the heat ignited their oil storage
tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene, fire continued to shoot from the mouth of the looming volcano. The
eruption continued for six months. Scientists and reporters arrived from around the world to observe the
awesome natural event. But the town did not die that easily. In July, when the eruption ceased, the people
of Heimaey Island returned to assess the chances of rebuilding their homes and lives. They found tons of
ash covering the ground. The Icelanders are a tough people, however, accustomed to the strange and
violent nature of their Arctic land. They dug out their homes. They even used the cinders to build new
roads and airport runways. Now the new homes of Heimaey are warmed from water pipes heated by
molten lava.
This liquid was coming from the -
A. ocean
B. sky
C. ground
D. sea
E. mountains
正解：C

質問 7：
The 35-millimeter (mm) format became the standard for movie production around 1913. The mid-1920s
through the mid-1930s, however, saw a resurgence of wide-film (55-mm to 70-mm) formats. Development
then slackened until the 1950s, when widescreen film-making came back in direct response to the erosion
of box office receipts resulting from the rising popularity of television. This new era saw another flurry of
specialized formats, including Cinema- Scope and, in 1956, Camera 65, which Panavision developed for
MGM Studios and which was first used to film Raintree Country. Panavision soon contributed another key
technical advance, spherical 65mm lenses, which eliminated the "fat faces" syndrome that had plagued
CinemaScope films.
Though many films were made in widescreen formats during this period, these formats floundered
because of expense, unwieldy cameras, and slow film stocks and lenses. After the invention of a set of
3 5-mm anamorphic lenses, which could be used to squeeze a widescreen image onto theatrical screens,
film technology improved to the point where quality 70-mm prints could be enlarged from 35-mm
negatives.
According to the passage, which of the following did NOT contribute to the increased use of wide-film
formats for moviemaking?
A. Anamorphic camera lenses
B. Panavision's Camera 65
C. The advent of television
D. Spherical camera lenses
E. Movie theater revenues
正解：A
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