質問 1：On the IS-IS IPv6 network shown in the figure, multi-topology is enabled on all routers.
* The IPv6 address of Loopback0 on R4 is 2000::4/128.
* The command ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 is configured in the IS-IS process of R4.
Which of the following statements is false?
A. The routing table of R1 contains the route 2000::4/128.
B. The routing table of R3 contains the route 2000::/64.
C. The routing table of R5 does not contain the route 2000::/64.
D. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/64.
正解：C
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)
質問 2：In the hub-spoke networking shown in the figure, to ensure correct route transmission, an administrator must manually configure the peer 10.1.2.1 _____ command in the IPv4 address family view of the BGP- VPN_out instance on the Hub-PE.
(Enter the answer in lowercase letters only.)
正解：
next-hop-self
Explanation:
To determine the correct command, we need to analyze BGP behavior in a Hub-Spoke topology and how routes are advertised in MPLS VPN environments.
1. Understanding the Hub-Spoke BGP/MPLS VPN Topology
* The network consists of Hub-PE and Spoke-PE routers, which are MPLS VPN PEs.
* Hub-PE is responsible for distributing routes between Spoke-PE1 and Spoke-PE2.
* Spoke routers do not have direct IBGP peering with each other; instead, they rely on the Hub-PE to relay routes.
* BGP next-hop handling is critical for proper route advertisement.
2. Why is the "next-hop-self" Command Required?
* By default, when BGP advertises a route, the next-hop remains unchanged (i.e., the original next- hop is retained).
* In Hub-Spoke topology, Spoke routers would receive routes with a next-hop IP that belongs to another Spoke-PE, which is not reachable directly.
* To solve this issue, we use the next-hop-self command on the Hub-PE, so that:
* Hub-PE updates the next-hop to its own address before advertising routes to the Spoke-PEs.
* This ensures that Spoke-PE routers use the Hub-PE as the next-hop, making routes reachable and preventing blackholing.
3. Correct Command Usage
The administrator must run the following command under the BGP IPv4 address family of the BGP- VPN_out instance on Hub-PE:
shell
CopyEdit
peer 10.1.2.1 next-hop-self
This ensures that the next-hop for advertised routes is changed to the Hub-PE's IP, allowing proper route transmission in the Hub-Spoke MPLS VPN environment.
質問 3：On the network shown in the figure, EBGP peer relationships are established between ASs through directly connected interfaces.
* OSPF is deployed in AS 65456 (with OSPF disabled on interconnected interfaces between ASs).
* R4 and R5 use Loopback0 to establish iBGP peer relationships with R6.
* The IP address of Loopback0 on each router is 10.0.X.X/32, and the router ID is 10.0.X.X, where X is the number of the router.
* R1, R2, and R3 import the external route 192.168.1.0/24 into BGP through the import-route command.
Which of the following statements are true?
A. For 192.168.1.0/24, if the default local-preference 150 command is configured on R3, R5 preferentially selects the route received from R3.
B. For 192.168.1.0/24, R6 preferentially selects the route received from R4.
C. For 192.168.1.0/24, R5 preferentially selects the route received from R2.
D. For 192.168.1.0/24, R4 preferentially selects the route received from R1.
正解：A,C
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)
質問 4：The figure shows the output information on a switch.
Which of the following can be determined from the information?
A. When the average rate of known unicast packets is 2500 pps, GE0/0/1 is shut down.
B. The administrator configures traffic suppression on GE0/0/1 of the switch.
C. After broadcast packets are blocked on GE0/0/1, broadcast packets are forwarded only when their average rate is lower than 1000 pps.
D. When the average rate of unknown multicast packets is 1500 pps, GE0/0/1 blocks the multicast packets.
正解：B
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)
質問 5：Both VLAN aggregation and MUX VLAN are deployed on the enterprise network shown in the figure.
* All switch interfaces connected to terminals are access interfaces.
* Given this, match PC1 to PC4 with the hosts or servers they can access on the network.
(Note: A host cannot be matched with itself. For example, PC1 cannot match PC1. Tokens can be reused.)
正解：
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine the correct matches, we need to analyze VLAN aggregation and MUX VLAN behavior in the given topology.
1. Understanding VLAN Aggregation and MUX VLAN Roles
* VLAN Aggregation:
* Sub-VLANs (e.g., VLAN 10) are part of a Super-VLAN (e.g., VLAN 100) and share a common gateway.
* Hosts in the same Sub-VLAN can communicate directly.
* MUX VLAN (Multiple User Group VLAN):
* Principal VLAN (VLAN 30): Includes servers, accessible by all VLAN types.
* Separate VLAN (VLAN 20): Cannot communicate with other Separate VLAN hosts, but can communicate with the Principal VLAN (Server).
* Group VLAN (VLAN 10 - Sub-VLANs): Hosts within the same Group VLAN can communicate, and they can also access the Principal VLAN (Server).
2. Analyzing the Connectivity
* PC1 (Sub-VLAN 10 - Employee VLAN)
* Can communicate with PC2 (same Sub-VLAN).
* Can communicate with the Server (VLAN 30 - Principal VLAN).
* PC2 (Sub-VLAN 10 - Employee VLAN)
* Can communicate with PC1 (same Sub-VLAN).
* Can communicate with the Server (VLAN 30 - Principal VLAN).
* PC3 (VLAN 20 - Separate VLAN - Guest VLAN)
* Cannot communicate with other PCs in Employee VLAN (PC1, PC2) or Guest VLAN (PC4).
* Can communicate with the Server (VLAN 30 - Principal VLAN).
* PC4 (VLAN 20 - Separate VLAN - Guest VLAN)
* Cannot communicate with other PCs in Employee VLAN (PC1, PC2) or Guest VLAN (PC3).
* Can communicate with the Server (VLAN 30 - Principal VLAN).
* Server (VLAN 30 - Principal VLAN)
* Can communicate with all PCs (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4) because it belongs to the Principal VLAN, which serves all VLANs.
質問 6：On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked, and OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1. Which of the following statements are true?
A. If the link between R1 and SI is disconnected, R1 directly uses the backup path to forward packets to R3.
B. No backup path can be established between R1 and 10.0.3.3/32.
C. If SI is powered off, R1 directly uses the backup path to forward packets to R3.
D. If BFD (with default detection parameters) is enabled on the entire network and the link between R2 and SI is disconnected, R1 can quickly detect the OSPF adjacency fault.
正解：A,C,D
質問 7：On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked. OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1. The primary path from R1 to 10.0.3.3/32 is R1 -> R2 -> R3, and the backup path is R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3.
A. FALSE
B. TRUE
正解：B
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)
質問 8：On the network shown in the figure, the DHCP server function is enabled on GEO/0/0 of R2, and the address pool is an interface address pool. When GEO/0/0 and GEO/0/1 of R1 function as DHCP clients, only one interface can obtain an IP address by default.
A. FALSE
B. TRUE
正解：B
質問 9：A network engineer enters dir on the device to obtain the following file names. Which is most likely to be the version file of the device?
A. Ca.cer
B. V300R022C00SPC100.cfg
C. V300R022C00SPC100.cc
D. startup_vl.rdb
正解：C
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Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 認定 H12-831_V1.0-ENU 試験問題:
1. On an MPLS network, when a transit device receives an MPLS packet and is ready to swap labels, it finds that the label value after swapping is 0. In this case, which of the following operations will the device perform?
Options:
A) Swaps label 0 with the original label in the MPLS packet and forwards the packet to the next hop.
B) Pushes label 0 into an outer label of the MPLS packet and forwards the MPLS packet with double labels to the next hop.
C) Forwards the packet to the next hop without processing the label.
D) Removes the label from the MPLS packet and forwards the packet to the next hop.
2. If the migration preparation is insufficient, which of the following problems may occur?
Options (Multiple Choice):
A) A hardware fault occurs on a board, but no spare board is available.
B) When an interface cannot go up but no network cable tester is available, it is difficult to determine whether the interface hardware or cable is faulty.
C) Engineers cannot arrive at the migration site at the scheduled time.
D) The migration fails, and the configuration file is not backed up. As a result, the service rollback fails.
3. Both VLAN aggregation and MUX VLAN are deployed on the enterprise network shown in the figure, and all switch interfaces connected to terminals are access interfaces. Given this, match PCI to PC4 with the hosts or servers that they can access on the network. (Note: A host cannot be matched with itself. For example, PCI cannot match PCI.) (Tokens can be reused.)
4. On the network shown in the figure, an administrator first completes the routing configuration and then enables MPLS and LDP on R1, R2, and R3 and their interconnected interfaces. In this manner, traffic from PC1 to PC2 can be forwarded based on MPLS. Which of the following routing configurations can implement this function?
Options:
A) nginx
CopyEdit
R2
ospf 1
area 0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
R3
ospf 1
area 0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
bgp 65000
router-id 3.3.3.3
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 65000
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
network 10.3.3.0 24
ip ip-prefix 1 index 10 permit 10.1.1.0 24
route recursive-lookup tunnel ip-prefix 1
B) nginx
CopyEdit
R1
ospf 1
area 0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
R2
ospf 1
area 0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
R3
ospf 1
area 0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
C) nginx
CopyEdit
R1
ospf 1
area 0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2
ospf 1
area 0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
R3
ospf 1
area 0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
D) nginx
CopyEdit
R1
bgp 65000
router-id 1.1.1.1
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 65000
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
network 10.1.1.0 24
R3
bgp 65000
router-id 3.3.3.3
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 65000
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
network 10.3.3.0 24
5. On the network shown in the figure, IS-IS runs on R1, R2, R4, and R5, and the area ID is 49.0001. IS-IS runs on R3 and R6, and the area ID is 49.0002. The import-route isis level-2 into level-1 command is configured on R2 and R5. In AS 65000, R1, R3, R4, and R6 each establish IBGP peer relationships with R2 and R5. R2 and R5 are RRs, and R1, R4, R3, and R6 are clients. The IBGP peer relationships are established using Loopback0. The IP address of Loopback0 on each router is 10.0.X.X/32, and the router ID is 10.0.X.X, where X is the number of the router. R1 and R4 import the external route 192.168.1.0/24 to BGP through the import- route command, and R3 and R6 import the external route 192.168.2.0/24 to BGP through the import-route command. Which of the following statements are true?
A) The route 192.168.2.0/24 in the routing table of R4 has two different outbound interfaces.
B) The routing table of R1 contains two equal-cost default routes.
C) The routing table of R4 contains two equal-cost default routes.
D) The routing table of R1 contains the route 192.168.2.0/24.
質問と回答：
質問 # 1
正解： D | 質問 # 2
正解： A、B、C、D | 質問 # 3
正解： メンバーにのみ表示されます | 質問 # 4
正解： C | 質問 # 5
正解： A、D |
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