GED GED-Science 問題集

質問 1：
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek observed living cells using microscopes that he designed and built. His particular passion was working with and perfecting microscope lenses; and he kept all of his techniques secret to prevent other scientists or inventors from stealing his ideas. Leeuwenhoek recorded his microscope observations, which were helpful to later scientists.
Which statement best describes Leeuwenhoek's scientific contribution?
A. His work centered on making many types of antibiotics and vaccines.
B. He designed and built early microscopes and used them to observe microscopic organisms.
C. He classified thousands of animals and plants.
D. Most modern knowledge about meteorology and astronomy can be traced to his observations.
E. He influenced the development of modern chemistry.
正解：B

質問 2：
-- Exhibit -
The most realistic description of energy flow through an ecosystem is a food web that represents an interconnected series of food chains. In general, the greater the number of alternative channels through which energy can flow, the greater the stability of the food web and the ecosystem.

The diagram shows a typical food web for a wet meadow. The hawk and the fox obtain nourishment by preying upon rabbits, frogs, snakes, and mice. The fox may even eat grasshoppers. If, for example, the rabbit population is reduced, possibly because of bad weather during the breeding season, the fox and hawk would shift their predatory pressure to other forms of prey. The rabbit population would then have a chance to bounce back and the ecosystem would remain stable.
-- Exhibit -
In the food web diagram shown, which organisms directly consume the grasshoppers?
A. hawks, foxes, and snakes
B. frogs, foxes, and snakes
C. mice, foxes, and hawks
D. rabbits, foxes, and snakes
E. frogs, snakes, and hawks
正解：B

質問 3：
Temperature affects how well gases and solids dissolve to form solutions. Gas solubility increases with decreasing temperature. Cold water can hold more oxygen than warm water.
Fish require dissolved oxygen in the water for respiration. During the hot summer, Allan goes fishing at a nearby lake.
Based on the information, which statement indicates where and why Allan would find the most fish?
A. both shady and sunny areas because the amount of dissolved oxygen gas in water is not changed by temperature
B. shady areas because there is less dissolved oxygen gas in cool water
C. shady areas because there is more dissolved oxygen gas in cool water
D. sunny areas because there is no dissolved oxygen gas in warm water
E. sunny areas because there is more dissolved oxygen gas in warm water
正解：C

質問 4：
An animal population can increase or decrease because of food scarcity or other changes in a habitat. The graph below shows changes in a rabbit population over a 10-year period.
According to the graph,

during which period of time were the numbers of rabbits leaving the population and joining the population about the same?
A. between 0-2 years
B. between 2-4 years
C. between 4-5 years
D. between 5-7 years
E. between 8-10 years
正解：E

質問 5：
A tsunami is an unusually large ocean wave, which is sometimes formed by earthquakes.
The height of a tsunami increases as it approaches shore. In the open ocean, tsunamis can travel at 300 to 400 miles per hour.
Based on this information, which statement must be true?
A. Tsunamis are sometimes found in small lakes.
B. Tsunamis have killed millions of people in this century.
C. The height of a tsunami located 100 miles offshore is low.
D. There are no known causes of tsunamis.
E. Tsunamis travel at 100 miles per hour.
正解：C

質問 6：
Dr. Mullin collected data on the number of leaves that fell from a tree. She noticed that the number of leaves that fell varied substantially during the seasons of the year. The graph at the left describes Dr. Mullin's findings.

Based on the information and graph, which action would best help explain the data?
A. analyze the seasonal weather patterns of the area
B. measure the tree's height
C. measure the tree's circumference
D. measure the length of the tree's upper and lower branches
E. measure the tree's diameter
正解：A

質問 7：
The diagram of the upper arm shows the human biceps and triceps muscles, with the biceps labeled "A" and the triceps "B".

Based on the diagram, which movement would cause muscle A (biceps) to contract fully?
A. touching one's toes
B. lifting a book from a desk to one's shoulder
C. dialing the telephone
D. turning a doorknob
E. writing a note
正解：B