CIPS L4M8 問題集

質問 1：
Describe one qualitative and one quantitative measures of social impact for an organization with which you are familiar.
正解：
Information gathered in relation to social impact for an organization is both qualitative and quantitative.
Fullpower consult is a project/procurement training company that has gotten a measure of its social impact.
The qualitative measure of the organization is its stakeholders perception. Stakeholders knows that fullpower will do all it can to always give the best value for money.
Fullpower has the policies to give 10% of its profit share back to the community, by sponsoring free trainings for both professionals and vocational.
Addition
Qualitative and quantitative measures of social impact
Qualitative
Stakeholder perception
Reputation
Good Ethical practice
Benefit to the economy
Quantitative
20% Reduction in emission
Amount of funding donated
Amount of train courses delivered
Percentage of Resources Replaced
*
Refer to the question column for response

質問 2：
Explain how influencing, can relate to corruption within procurement.
正解：
Influencing is the capacity to be able to change behavior or opinions, either consciously or subconsciously.
As outlined by Yukl and falbets work from 1990 influencing can relate to corruption within pro-curement in these six ways.
1)A party can be assertive (forceful, directive, using deadlines),
2) Ingratiating i.e. using charm and flattery.
3) Exchange-Trading favors,
4) Upward appeal (requesting input for senior management not only that influencing can come as
5) Coalition; team members uniting for support.
5) Rational persuasion, i.e. bringing in logic and facts for clarification.

質問 3：
Which type of power is most likely to be used in corruption?
正解：
The abuse of power within the supply chain can be linked to corruption. If individuals with seniority favor one supplier over another, they can exercise their power to award the contract to whoever they wish. According to CIPS code of conduct, this is not acceptable.
According to French and Raven, there are five types of power (Legitimate power, Reward, Expert, Referent and Coercive), and these powers can most likely be used in corruption.

質問 4：
Write down a list of assets that belong to an organization with which you are familiar.
正解：
Assets are things that an organization owns regarded as having value and available to meet debt and generate revenue. The following are list of assets owned by Fullpower project, a shoe manufacturing firm;
1) Machinery,
2) a factory,
3) an innovative software,
4) skills of its personnel,
5) land,
6) Distribution network.
7) Its long time relationship with experienced suppliers of raw materials and Distributors of finished shoes.

質問 5：
What are the two options for the disposal of an asset if resale is not possible?
正解：
Disposal of an asset is the final stage in the decommissioning process of a fixed asset.
When a fixed asset reaches the end of its useful or cost effective life time within an organization, the decision is made as to whether it should be removed from the premises or disposed off.
If the asset is truly at the end of its life, no longer fit for purpose, not cost effective to repair and is not able to be exchanged, then disposal is the only option; there are two options for disposal;
1) Take the asset to land fill site
2) Taking the asset to a recycling plant.

質問 6：
What is a cross function team?
正解：
A cross-function Team is the involvement of all departments that are in an organization to contribute knowledge, skills and innovation towards adding value to achieving the organization's strategic goal. Example, procurement, maintenance, marketing, finance, human resources working together in procurement activity to come up with the best strategy or selecting the supplier that best suit the organization.
When working in a cross-functional team, members of the organization give support by believing in the end goal, assist during difficult time, help troubleshoot any issue, providing the required resources and sharing information

質問 7：
Describe three types of fraud that could occur within the supply chain of an organization with which you are familiar.
正解：
Fraud occurs when a person acts deliberately to secure monies from another party through dishonest method. Within the supply chain of an organization, fraud can represent itself in the following ways:
1. Kickbacks: e.g. (commission given to a bribe taker for service perform)
2. Corrupt influence (e.g ordering more than what is required)
3. Collusion: (group of suppliers working together to submit multiple bids and split profit.
4. Bid Rigging (a contract is informally agreed with a chosen supplier prior to the official process
5. invoicing fraud
6. Substitution (submitting products that are below the required quality
7. False claims (files false document)
Case Study
A series of news stories reporting events such as the collapse of the Rana Plaza building in 2013 have drawn attention to the poor conditions in garment factories across India and South East Asi a. Human rights groups have long be critical of the excessive hours and poor wages workers are forced to endure, as well as the abuse they receive from supervisor. With consumers becoming increasingly aware of these conditions, more pressure is being put on global brands and retailers to ensure their supply chains are fair and ethical.
Certain areas have been notorious for the mistreatment of workers. In India's textile valley', young women are been bound into contracts where they work for two to three years, in exchange for a lump sum of money that they can then put towards a dowry. This is known as the 'Sumangali [a married woman] Thittam' scheme. These women are forced to live in hostels under restrictions that prevent them from moving, and are denied the opportunity to improve their living conditions. Retailers including Walmart and H&M are known to source garments from factories in the 'textile valley'.
Reports by organizations including the Asia Floor Wage Alliance (AFWA), Central Combodia, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre (LIPS) Indonesia, and Society for Labour and Development (SLD) India have exposed unethically run factories that supply garments to H&M, Gap and Walmart. However, retailers will continue to benefit from expensive labour until mounting customers pressure causes them to change.

質問 8：
Explain the concept of the 3Ps/TBL and how it can be used by an organization.
正解：
Trying to measure how sustainable an organization was used to be challenging undertaking. How-ever, during the 1990s, a concept brought up by American John Elkington change the way sustainability was measured. This framework is known as the triple bottom line (TBL) and measures sustainability in relation to organizational performance and investment against the 3Ps (1) Profits (2) People (3) Planet. For example; Profit: A packaging manufacturer reinventing its profits in a State- of-the-art recycling machinery for it wasted cardboard.
People: A large privately owned call center donate its end of life computers to a local youth clubs and social groups to help gain internet cases.
Planet: A driving instructors using only hybrid vehicles to teach her learners, thus to reducing Co2 emission.
The TBL, although a useful tool, is simply a way of recording how sustainable an organization is. Alone, it does not contribute towards any improvements or generate any actions promoting a more favorable, sustainable outlook. Objectives should be set in relation to what the 3Ps show and then monitored by implementing KPIs or other measuring methods.