CIPS L4M8 問題集

質問 1：
Write down a list of assets that belong to an organization with which you are familiar.
正解：
Assets are things that an organization owns regarded as having value and available to meet debt and generate revenue. The following are list of assets owned by Fullpower project, a shoe manufacturing firm;
1) Machinery,
2) a factory,
3) an innovative software,
4) skills of its personnel,
5) land,
6) Distribution network.
7) Its long time relationship with experienced suppliers of raw materials and Distributors of finished shoes.

質問 2：
Explain the concept of the 3Ps/TBL and how it can be used by an organization.
正解：
Trying to measure how sustainable an organization was used to be challenging undertaking. How-ever, during the 1990s, a concept brought up by American John Elkington change the way sustainability was measured. This framework is known as the triple bottom line (TBL) and measures sustainability in relation to organizational performance and investment against the 3Ps (1) Profits (2) People (3) Planet. For example; Profit: A packaging manufacturer reinventing its profits in a State- of-the-art recycling machinery for it wasted cardboard.
People: A large privately owned call center donate its end of life computers to a local youth clubs and social groups to help gain internet cases.
Planet: A driving instructors using only hybrid vehicles to teach her learners, thus to reducing Co2 emission.
The TBL, although a useful tool, is simply a way of recording how sustainable an organization is. Alone, it does not contribute towards any improvements or generate any actions promoting a more favorable, sustainable outlook. Objectives should be set in relation to what the 3Ps show and then monitored by implementing KPIs or other measuring methods.

質問 3：
What is contract performance review and continuous improvement?
正解：
Contract performance review and continuous improvement is the stage 11 of the CIPS procurement and supply cycle.
In order to effectively manage supplier performance and contractual obligations, the suppliers per-formance against key performance indicators (KPI) should be reviewed regularly. This KPI should have been agreed doing the post contract award negotiation. In addition to review KPIs suppliers and the procurement team should work towards continuous improvement. This is a continuous ef-fort to improve product or services within an organization. This may involve improving quality, reducing waste in the supply chain and focusing on innovation. It is an ongoing process that works toward perfection.

質問 4：
Explain why it is deemed better to use Sea freight rather than air
正解：
It would be rare to find a supplier who does not emit any form of pollution. However, part of ethical and responsible sourcing is to make effort to reduce impact of population on the planets. Pollution can be factory emission, Noise, smell, Transportation Development, waste disposal. Transportation is a major cause of pollution. The carbon dioxide emitted from vehicles contributes greatly to air contamination. Yet it is better to use sea freight rather than air because it has a smaller impact on the environment.

質問 5：
Which contract term contains details of when a product or service should be delivered and ex-plained the potential loss of business?
正解：
Contract terms are the right and duties agreed between parties with which are then documented in contract. Terms can be either implied or expression.
Implied terms are always present in a contract and are set by national laws; like the sales of goods act, whereas express terms are negotiated and created, for example; time is of the essence. When the procurement professional is setting key performance indicators, where which the supplier's performance will be monitored and managed, the KPI is expected to be SMART. The SMART is an acronym that is used to set KPI and specification. It means:
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time bound

質問 6：
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods to a named port or destination (such as an air-port or warehouse), as well as unloading them from the terminal from this point, risk passes to the buyer.
A. DAP - Delivered At Place
B. DP - Delivery Duty Paid
C. DAT - Delivered At Terminal
D. FAS - Free Alongside Ship
正解：C

質問 7：
What topics are covered within ethics?
正解：
Topics that are covered within ethics are;
1. Environmental factors
2. The triple bottom line: profit, people and planet
3. Adopting sustainable practice.
4. considering the social impact of organization's behaviors

質問 8：
What are the four quadrants in the Mendelow stakeholder matrix?
正解：
Stakeholder are individuals or organizations that can be affected directly or indirectly by any project or decision. For successful procurement activities to take place, stakeholders must be identified, engaged and managed. Not all stakeholders require the same level of engagement and management. To appropriately manage identified stakeholders, the Mendelow management matrix has categorized stakeholders in four quadrants, according to how low or high their power and interest in the project could be. The four categories are:
1) Minimum effort (low power-Low interest)
2) Keep satisfied (high power-Low interest)
3) Keep informed (Low power - high interest)
4) Manage closely (High power- High interest)